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Ã÷È·Linux DTSµÄ×÷Óü°Ó÷¨

ÔÚǶÈëʽLinuxϵͳ¿ª·¢ÖУ¬×°±¸Ê÷£¨Device Tree£¬¼ò³ÆDTS£©ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÐÎòӲ¼þ×°±¸¼°ÆäÔÚϵͳÖеÄÅþÁ¬¹ØϵºÍÊôÐÔµÄÊý¾Ý½á¹¹¡£×°±¸Ê÷ʹµÃLinuxÄÚºËÄܹ»ÔÚ²î±ðµÄÓ²¼þƽ̨ÉÏÎÞаµØÔËÐУ¬¶øÎÞÐè¶ÔÄں˾ÙÐÐÐ޸ġ£ÔÚ±¾ÎÄÖУ¬½«ÏÈÈÝLinux DTSµÄ×÷Óü°Ó÷¨£¬²¢ÌṩÏêϸµÄ´úÂëʾÀýÀ´×ÊÖú¶ÁÕ߸üºÃµØÃ÷È·¡£

1. ×°±¸Ê÷µÄ×÷ÓÃ

×°±¸Ê÷µÄÖ÷Òª×÷ÓÃÊÇÐÎòӲ¼þ×°±¸µÄÐÅÏ¢£¬°üÀ¨µ«²»ÏÞÓÚÓ²¼þµÄÀàÐÍ¡¢µØµã¡¢ÖÐÖ¹ºÅ¡¢GPIOÒý½ÅµÈ£¬²¢»®¶¨ÁËÕâЩӲ¼þ×°±¸Ö®¼äµÄÅþÁ¬¹Øϵ¡£Í¨¹ý×°±¸Ê÷£¬LinuxÄں˿ÉÒÔÔÚÆô¶¯Àú³ÌÖж¯Ì¬µØʶ±ðÓ²¼þ×°±¸¼°ÆäÊôÐÔ£¬´Ó¶ø׼ȷµØÉèÖÃÓ²¼þ×ÊÔ´£¬Ê¹µÃÄÚºËÄܹ»Ë³ËìµØÓëÓ²¼þ×°±¸¾ÙÐÐͨѶ¡£

ÁíÍ⣬װ±¸Ê÷»¹¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýÐÎòװ±¸Ê÷Ƭ¶Ï£¨*.dtsiÎļþ£©À´ÊµÏÖÓ²¼þÄ£¿éµÄ¸´Ó㬴ӶøÌá¸ß´úÂëµÄ¿Éά»¤ÐԺͿÉÖØÓÃÐÔ¡£Í¨¹ý×éºÏ²î±ðµÄ×°±¸Ê÷Ƭ¶Ï£¬¿ÉÒÔÎÞаµØÉèÖÃÓ²¼þ×ÊÔ´£¬Àû±ã¶¨ÖƲî±ðµÄÓ²¼þƽ̨¡£

2. ×°±¸Ê÷µÄÏà¹Ø¿´·¨

ÔÚʹÓÃ×°±¸Ê÷ʱ£¬ÐèÒªÏàʶÒÔϼ¸¸öÖ÷Òª¿´·¨£º

×°±¸Ê÷Ô´Îļþ£¨DTS£©£º ×°±¸Ê÷Ô´ÎļþÊÇÓÃÀ´ÐÎòӲ¼þ×°±¸ÐÅÏ¢µÄÎı¾Îļþ£¬Í¨³£ÒÔ.dtsΪÀ©Õ¹Ãû¡£ÔÚLinuxÄں˱àÒëʱ£¬×°±¸Ê÷Ô´Îļþ»á±»±àÒë³É¶þ½øÖƵÄ×°±¸Ê÷Îļþ£¨*.dtb£©£¬¹©ÄÚºËʹÓá£

×°±¸Ê÷½Úµã£º ×°±¸Ê÷ÖеÄÿ¸öÓ²¼þ×°±¸»ò½Úµã¶¼ÓÐÒ»¸ö¶ÔÓ¦µÄ×°±¸Ê÷½Úµã¡£Ã¿¸ö½Úµã°üÀ¨Á˸ÃÓ²¼þ×°±¸µÄÏà¹ØÐÅÏ¢£¬Èç×°±¸ÀàÐÍ¡¢µØµã¡¢ÖÐÖ¹ºÅ¡¢¼Ä´æÆ÷µØµãµÈ¡£

×°±¸Ê÷°ó¶¨£º ×°±¸Ê÷°ó¶¨Ö¸µÄÊǽ«×°±¸Ê÷½ÚµãÓëÏìÓ¦µÄ×°±¸Çý¶¯³ÌÐò¾ÙÐа󶨵ÄÀú³Ì¡£×°±¸Ê÷ÖеĽڵã»áͨ¹ýÆ¥Åä×°±¸Ê÷Óë×°±¸Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÀ´¼ÓÔØÏìÓ¦µÄÇý¶¯¡£

3. ×°±¸Ê÷µÄ»ù±¾½á¹¹

×°±¸Ê÷Ô´ÎļþµÄ»ù±¾½á¹¹Óɽڵ㣨node£©ºÍÊôÐÔ£¨property£©×é³É¡£½ÚµãÓÃÀ´ÐÎòӲ¼þ×°±¸£¬ÊôÐÔÓÃÀ´ÐÎò½ÚµãµÄÊôÐÔÐÅÏ¢¡£ÒÔÏÂÊÇÒ»¸ö¼òÆÓµÄ×°±¸Ê÷Ô´ÎļþʾÀý£º

/dts-v1/;

#include <dt-bindings/gpio/gpio.h>

/ {
    compatible = "myboard, mydevice";
    
    mydevice {
        compatible = "mydevice";
        reg = <0x100000 0x1000>;
        interrupts = <0 2>;
        gpio = <&gpio1 10 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
    };
};

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ÔÚÉÏÃæµÄʾÀýÖУ¬mydeviceÌåÏÖÒ»¸öÓ²¼þ×°±¸µÄ½Úµã£¬°üÀ¨ÁË×°±¸µÄcompatibleÊôÐÔ¡¢¼Ä´æÆ÷µØµã¡¢ÖÐÖ¹ºÅÒÔ¼°GPIOÒý½ÅµÄÐÅÏ¢¡£

4. ×°±¸Ê÷µÄʹÓÃʾÀý

ÏÂÃ潫ÒÔÒ»¸öLEDÇý¶¯³ÌÐòΪÀý£¬Õ¹Ê¾ÔõÑùʹÓÃ×°±¸Ê÷À´ÐÎòӲ¼þ×°±¸£¬²¢½«ÆäÓë×°±¸Çý¶¯³ÌÐò¾ÙÐа󶨡£

4.1 ±àдװ±¸Ê÷Ô´Îļþ

Ê×ÏÈ£¬½¨ÉèÒ»¸öLED×°±¸Ê÷Ô´Îļþled.dts£¬²¢Ìí¼ÓÈçÏÂÄÚÈÝ£º

/dts-v1/;

/ {
    compatible = "myboard, myled";
    
    myled {
        compatible = "myled";
        reg = <0x200000 0x1000>;
        gpio = <&gpio1 20 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
    };
};

µÇ¼ºó¸´ÖÆ

4.2 ±àдLED×°±¸Çý¶¯³ÌÐò

½Ó×Å£¬±àдLED×°±¸Çý¶¯³ÌÐòled_driver.c£¬Ê¾Àý´úÂëÈçÏ£º

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>

static struct platform_device led_device = {
    .name = "myled",
    .id = -1,
};

static int __init led_driver_init(void)
{
    platform_device_register(&led_device);
    pr_info("LED driver initialized
");
    return 0;
}

static void __exit led_driver_exit(void)
{
    platform_device_unregister(&led_device);
    pr_info("LED driver exited
");
}

module_init(led_driver_init);
module_exit(led_driver_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Author Name");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("LED Driver");

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4.3 ÐÞ¸ÄMakefile²¢±àÒëÄÚºË

ÔÚÇý¶¯³ÌÐòµÄMakefileÖÐÌí¼Ó±àÒë¹æÔò£¬²¢±àÒëÄÚºËÌìÉú×°±¸Ê÷¶þ½øÖÆÎļþled.dtb£º

obj-m += led_driver.o

all:
    make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- -C /path/to/kernel M=$(PWD) modules
    dtc -I dts -O dtb -o led.dtb led.dts

µÇ¼ºó¸´ÖÆ

4.4 ¼ÓÔØ×°±¸Ê÷ºÍÇý¶¯³ÌÐò

ÔÚLinuxÆô¶¯Àú³ÌÖУ¬¼ÓÔØ×°±¸Ê÷Îļþled.dtb£º

# cp led.dtb /boot/
# echo "dtb=led.dtb" >> /boot/uEnv.txt

µÇ¼ºó¸´ÖÆ

È»ºó¼ÓÔØLED×°±¸Çý¶¯³ÌÐò£º

# insmod led_driver.ko

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½áÓï

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