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ÔõÑùÔÚLinuxЧÀÍÆ÷ÉÏÉèÖø߶ÈÇå¾²µÄWeb½Ó¿Ú£¿

ÔÚ½ñÌìµÄÊý×Öʱ´ú £¬±£»¤Web½Ó¿ÚµÄÇå¾²ÐÔ±äµÃÓÈΪÖ÷Òª¡£ÎÞÂÛÊÇСÎÒ˽ÈËÍøÕ¾ÕÕ¾ÉÆóÒµ¼¶Ó¦ÓóÌÐò £¬ÉèÖø߶ÈÇå¾²µÄWeb½Ó¿Ú¶¼¿ÉÒÔΪÓû§ºÍ»ú¹¹Ìṩ¸üÇå¾²µÄÔÚÏßÌåÑé¡£±¾ÎĽ«ÖصãÏÈÈÝÔõÑùÔÚLinuxЧÀÍÆ÷ÉÏÉèÖø߶ÈÇå¾²µÄWeb½Ó¿Ú¡£

È·±£Ð§ÀÍÆ÷Çå¾²

Ê×ÏÈ £¬Òª°ü¹ÜЧÀÍÆ÷×Ô¼ºµÄÇå¾²¡£Õâ°üÀ¨¸üвÙ×÷ϵͳºÍÓ¦ÓóÌÐòµÄ²¹¶¡³ÌÐò¡¢°´ÆÚ¸ü¸ÄЧÀÍÆ÷ÖÎÀíÔ±ºÍrootÓû§µÄÃÜÂë¡¢½ûÓÃʹÓÃÈõÃÜÂëµÇ¼¡¢ÏÞÖÆЧÀ͵Ļá¼ûȨÏ޵ȡ£

ÀýÈç £¬¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýÒÔÏÂÏÂÁî¸üÐÂϵͳÈí¼þ°ü£º

sudo apt update

sudo apt upgrade

ʹÓÃHTTPSЭÒé

ʹÓÃHTTPSЭÒéÄܹ»¼ÓÃÜWeb½Ó¿ÚºÍÓû§Ö®¼äµÄͨѶ £¬ÎªÓû§Ìṩ¸ü¸ß¼¶±ðµÄÇå¾²ÐÔ¡£HTTPSЭÒéʹÓÃÁËSSL/TLSÖ¤ÊéÀ´¼ÓÃÜͨѶ £¬²¢Í¨¹ý¹«Ô¿ºÍ˽ԿÀ´Ñé֤ЧÀÍÆ÷µÄÉí·Ý¡£

Ê×ÏÈ £¬ÐèÒªÔÚЧÀÍÆ÷ÉÏ×°ÖÃSSLÖ¤Êé¡£¿ÉÒÔ¹ºÖÃÉÌÒµSSLÖ¤Êé £¬Ò²¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýÃâ·ÑµÄÖ¤Êé½ÒÏþ»ú¹¹£¨ÈçLet’s Encrypt£©ÌìÉú¡£È»ºó £¬½«Ö¤ÊéºÍ˽ԿÉèÖõ½WebЧÀÍÆ÷ÉÏ¡£ÒÔÏÂÊÇʹÓÃNginxЧÀÍÆ÷µÄʾÀý´úÂ룺

server {

listen 443 ssl;
server_name example.com;

ssl_certificate /path/to/certificate.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /path/to/private.key;

#ÆäËûNginxÉèÖÃ
...

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}

ÉèÖ÷À»ðǽ

ÉèÖ÷À»ðǽÄܹ»¹ýÂ˺ͼà¿ØÍøÂçÊý¾ÝÁ÷ £¬×èÖ¹²»Õý³£µÄ»á¼û²¢±£»¤Ð§ÀÍÆ÷ÃâÊܶñÒâ¹¥»÷¡£LinuxЧÀÍÆ÷Éϳ£ÓõķÀ»ðǽÈí¼þ°üÀ¨iptablesºÍufw¡£

ÔÚÆôÓ÷À»ðǽ֮ǰ £¬È·±£Ö»ÔÊÐíÐëÒªµÄÈëÕ¾ºÍ³öÕ¾ÅþÁ¬ £¬²¢½ûÓò»ÐëÒªµÄЧÀͺͶ˿Ú¡£È»ºó £¬ÉèÖ÷À»ðǽ¹æÔòÒÔÔÊÐíHTTPºÍHTTPSÁ÷Á¿Í¨¹ý¡£ÒÔÏÂÊÇʹÓÃufwµÄʾÀý´úÂ룺

sudo ufw default deny incoming

sudo ufw default allow outgoing

sudo ufw allow 80/tcp

sudo ufw allow 443/tcp

sudo ufw enable

ÉèÖûá¼û¿ØÖÆ

ÉèÖûá¼û¿ØÖÆ¿ÉÒÔÏÞÖƶÔWeb½Ó¿ÚµÄ»á¼û £¬Ö»ÔÊÐíÊÚȨÓû§»òIPµØµã»á¼û¡£Õâ¿ÉÒÔ±ÜÃâδ¾­ÊÚȨµÄÓû§ºÍDZÔڵĹ¥»÷Õß»á¼ûÃô¸ÐÊý¾Ý»òÖ´Ðв»·¨²Ù×÷¡£

ÔÚNginxЧÀÍÆ÷ÉÏ £¬¿ÉÒÔʹÓûùÓÚIPµØµãµÄ»á¼û¿ØÖÆ£¨ÀýÈçʹÓÃallowºÍdenyÖ¸Á¡£ÒÔÏÂÊÇʾÀý´úÂ룺

location / {

allow 192.168.0.0/24;
deny all;

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}

ʹÓÃÇå¾²µÄÈÏÖ¤ÒªÁì

Ç¿Ê¢µÄÉí·ÝÑéÖ¤ºÍÊÚȨ»úÖÆÊÇÉèÖø߶ÈÇå¾²Web½Ó¿ÚµÄÒªº¦¡£Ê¹ÓÃÇå¾²µÄÈÏÖ¤ÒªÁì £¬Èç»ùÓÚÁîÅƵĻá¼ûÁîÅÆ£¨Token£©ºÍ¶àÒòËØÉí·ÝÑéÖ¤£¨MFA£© £¬¿ÉÒÔÔöÌíÓû§ºÍЧÀÍÆ÷Ö®¼äµÄÐÅÍжÈ¡£

ÀýÈç £¬ÔÚWebÓ¦ÓóÌÐòÖÐ £¬¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃJSON WebÁîÅÆ£¨JWT£©À´ÊµÏÖ»ùÓÚÁîÅƵÄÉí·ÝÑéÖ¤ºÍÊÚȨ¡£ÒÔÏÂÊÇʹÓÃNode.js£¨Express¿ò¼Ü£©µÄʾÀý´úÂ룺

const jwt = require(‘jsonwebtoken’);

const secretKey = ‘your-secret-key’;

// Óû§µÇ¼

app.post(‘/login’, (req, res) => {

const username = req.body.username;
const password = req.body.password;

// ÑéÖ¤Óû§Éí·Ý
if (username === 'admin' && password === 'admin123') {
    const token = jwt.sign({ username: username }, secretKey);
    res.json({ token: token });
} else {
    res.status(401).json({ error: 'Invalid username or password' });
}

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});

// »á¼ûÊܱ£»¤µÄ×ÊÔ´

app.get(‘/protected’, verifyToken, (req, res) => {

res.json({ message: 'Protected resource' });

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});

function verifyToken(req, res, next) {

const token = req.headers['authorization'];

if (!token) {
    res.status(401).json({ error: 'Unauthorized' });
} else {
    jwt.verify(token, secretKey, (err, decoded) => {
        if (err) {
            res.status(401).json({ error: 'Invalid token' });
        } else {
            req.user = decoded.username;
            next();
        }
    });
}

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}

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