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µ±ÄúʹÓÃÓòÃû»á¼ûÍøվʱ£¬ÄúµÄϵͳ»áÏò DNS ЧÀÍÆ÷·¢ËÍÇëÇóÒÔ»ñÈ¡¸ÃÓòµÄ IP µØµã¡£´ËÓò IP µØµã¶ÔÉúÑÄÔÚ DNS »º´æÖй©ÒÔºóʹÓã¬Òò´ËÄú²»±Øÿ´Î¶¼Ïò DNS ЧÀÍÆ÷·¢ËÍÇëÇóÒÔ½¨ÉèÅþÁ¬¡£

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ΪʲôҪÔÚ Linux ÉÏˢРDNS »º´æ £¿

Äú¿ÉÄÜÏëÒªÖØÐÞ´æ´¢ÔÚϵͳÉ쵀 DNS »º´æµÄÔµ¹ÊÔ­ÓÉÓжàÖÖ¡£ÈôÊÇÄúµÄDNS¼Í¼¹ýʱÁË£¬Äú¿ÉÄÜÏëÒª´ÓDNSЧÀÍÖØÊÓлñÈ¡Ëü¡£ÁíÍ⣬ÈôÊÇÄúµ£ÐÄϵͳÊܵ½ÍþвÁË£¬Äú¿ÉÄÜÐèҪȷ±£DNS»º´æδ±»¸Ä¶¯£¬Ò²±»³ÆΪDNSÓÕÆ­¡£

µ±ÄúˢРDNS »º´æʱ£¬ÏµÍ³±ØÐèÔÙ´Î ping DNS ЧÀÍÆ÷²¢´ÓÖлñȡеÄÓò IP µØµã¼Í¼£¬´Ó¶øÔÚ´ËÀú³ÌÖÐɾ³ýÈκιýʱ»òÊÜËðµÄÊý¾Ý¡£

ÔõÑùÔÚ Linux ÉÏÉó²éÍâµØ DNS »º´æ

ÔÚsystemd֮ǰ£¬´ó´ó¶¼Linux¿¯Ðа涼ûÓÐϵͳ¹æÄ£µÄDNS»º´æ£¬³ý·ÇÏñdnsmasq»ònscdÕâÑùµÄ³ÌÐòÊÇÊÖ¶¯ÉèÖõÄ¡£systemd ¸½´ø systemd-solved£¬ÕâÊÇÒ»ÏÓòÃûÆÊÎöΪ IP µØµã²¢»º´æ DNS ÌõÄ¿µÄЧÀÍ¡£

ÒÔϸ÷½Ú½«Ö¸µ¼ÄúÔõÑùÉó²éÓÉ systemd ÆÊÎö¡¢nscd ºÍ dnsmasq ÌìÉúµÄ DNS »º´æÄÚÈÝ£¬ÒÔ±ãÄúÔÚ¾öÒéˢлº´æÊý¾Ý֮ǰÏàʶ»º´æµÄÊý¾Ý¡£

Éó²éϵͳÆÊÎöµÄ DNS »º´æ

ÒªÉó²é systemd ÆÊÎöµÄ»º´æ¼Í¼£¬ÄúÐèÒªÏÈÔÝʱÖÕֹЧÀÍ£¬È»ºó½«ÆäÈÕÖ¾µ¼³öµ½ÎļþÖС£

Ê×ÏÈ·¢ËÍ SIGUSR1 ÐźÅÒÔÖÕÖ¹ systemd ÆÊÎöµÄЧÀÍ£º

linuxmi@linuxmi ~/www.linuxmi.com % sudo killall -USR1 systemd-resolved[sudo] linuxmi µÄÃÜÂ룺 

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ʹÓàjournalctl ÏÂÁîºÍ±ê×¼Êä³öÔËËã·û½«Êä³öÉúÑĵ½Îı¾Îļþ£º

linuxmi@linuxmi ~/www.linuxmi.com % sudo journalctl -u systemd-resolved > ~/cache.txtlinuxmi@linuxmi ~/www.linuxmi.com

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Éó²é nscd µÄÍâµØ DNS »º´æ

ÒªÉó²é nscd ÌìÉúµÄÍâµØ»º´æ£¬ÄúÐèҪʹÓà string ÏÂÁî¶ÁÈ¡ nscd Ö÷»úÊý¾Ý¿âµÄÄÚÈÝ¡£

ÔÚ»ùÓÚ Debian ºÍ Ubuntu µÄ¿¯ÐаæÉÏ£¬´ËÎļþλÓÚ /var/cache/nscd/hosts¡£ÔËÐÐÒÔÏÂÏÂÁîÒÔÉó²éÎļþ£º

linuxmi@linuxmi ~/www.linuxmi.com % sudo strings /var/cache/nscd/hosts | uniq

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ÔõÑùÔÚ Linux ÉÏÉó²éºÍˢРDNS »º´æ

ÒªÉó²éÓÐ¹Ø nscd DNS ¸ßËÙ»º´æµÄÒ»Ñùƽ³£Í³¼ÆÐÅÏ¢£¬ÇëʹÓà-g ±ê¼Ç£º

linuxmi@linuxmi ~/www.linuxmi.com % sudo nscd -g

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ÔõÑùÔÚ Linux ÉÏÉó²éºÍˢРDNS »º´æ

ÏÔʾÓÉ dnsmasq ÌìÉúµÄ DNS »º´æ

»ñÈ¡È·Çеļͼ²¢½ûÖ¹Ò×£¬ÓÉÓÚ dnsmasq ÔÚÄÚ´æÖд洢 DNS »º´æ¡£Äú¿ÉÒÔ·¢ËÍÖÕÖ¹ÐźŸø dnsmasq ²¢¼Í¼ÆäÊä³ö£¬ÒÔ»ñÈ¡´¦ÀíµÄ DNS ÅÌÎÊÊýÄ¿¡£

Ϊ´Ë£¬Ê×ÏÈ£¬Ê¹Óàsystemctl ÏÂÁîÈ·±£ dnsmasq ÒÑÆô¶¯²¢ÕýÔÚÔËÐУº

linuxmi@linuxmi ~/www.linuxmi.com % sudo systemctl status dnsmasq

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ÔõÑùÔÚ Linux ÉÏÉó²éºÍˢРDNS »º´æ

ÈôÊÇ״̬ÏÔʾ¡°Ô˶¯ Active¡±£¬ÇëÔËÐÐÒÔÏÂÏÂÁîÒÔÖÕÖ¹¸ÃЧÀÍ£º

linuxmi@linuxmi ~/www.linuxmi.com % sudo pkill -USR1 dnsmasq

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ÔõÑùÔÚ Linux ÉÏÉó²éºÍˢРDNS »º´æ

ʹÓà journalctl ÏÂÁÌáÈ¡ dnsmasq ÈÕÖ¾²¢½«ËüÃÇÉúÑĵ½Îı¾ÎļþÖУº

linuxmi@linuxmi ~/www.linuxmi.com % sudo journalctl -u dnsmasq > ~/cache.txt

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×îºó£¬Ê¹ÓÃÎļþÉó²éÊÊÓóÌÐò£¨Èç cat »ò¸üÉÙ£©Éó²éÎļþµÄÄÚÈÝ£º

linuxmi@linuxmi ~/www.linuxmi.com % cat ~/cache.txt

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ÔõÑùÔÚ Linux ÉÏÉó²éºÍˢРDNS »º´æ

ÔõÑùÔÚ Linux ÉÏˢРDNS »º´æ

ˢРDNS »º´æÒâζ×Å´ÓÅÌËã»úÖÐɾ³ý»º´æµÄ DNS ¼Í¼¡£Õ⽫ÆÈʹËüÏòDNSЧÀÍÆ÷·¢ËÍÇëÇó£¬ÒÔ»ñȡеÄDNSÌõÄ¿¡£

ÒÔÏÂÊÇÔÚ Linux ÉÏˢРDNS »º´æµÄÒªÁ죺

ʹÓà systemd ÆÊÎö

Äú¿ÉÒÔʹÓà resolvectl ÏÂÁîˢРsystemd ÆÊÎö´æ´¢µÄ DNS »º´æ£º

linuxmi@linuxmi ~/www.linuxmi.com % sudo resolvectl flush-caches

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ÔõÑùÔÚ Linux ÉÏÉó²éºÍˢРDNS »º´æ

ÈôÊÇÄúÔËÐеÄÊÇ Ubuntu 17.04 »ò 18.04£¬ÇëʹÓà systemd ÆÊÎöµÄÏÂÁîˢлº´æ£º

sudo systemd-resolved --flush-caches

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ÔÚ Linux ÉÏˢРnscd DNS »º´æ

ɾ³ý nscd µÄ DNS »º´æµÄ×î±ã½ÝÒªÁìÊÇÖØÐÂÆô¶¯Ð§ÀÍ¡£Äú¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýÔËÐÐÒÔÏÂÏÂÁîÀ´Ö´Ðд˲Ù×÷£º

linuxmi@linuxmi ~/www.linuxmi.com % sudo /etc/init.d/nscd restart

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ÔõÑùÔÚ Linux ÉÏÉó²éºÍˢРDNS »º´æ

ÈôÊÇÕâ²»Æð×÷Óã¬Ê×ÏÈ£¬¼ì²é´æ´¢ÔÚPCÉϵÄÍâµØ»º´æÊÇ·ñ³¤ÆÚ¡£Äú¿ÉÒÔʹÓà-g ±ê¼Ç¾ÙÐÐÑéÖ¤£º

sudo nscd -g

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ÈôÊÇÊÇÕâÖÖÇéÐΣ¬ÇëʹÓôøÓÐ nscd ÏÂÁîµÄ ¨Ci ±ê¼ÇÀ´É¨³ý¼Í¼£¨i ´ú±í invalidate£©£º

linuxmi@linuxmi ~/www.linuxmi.com % sudo nscd -i hosts

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ɾ³ý dnsmasq DNS »º´æ

ˢРdnsmasq ÌìÉúµÄ DNS »º´æºÜ¼òÆÓ¡£ÓÉÓÚ»º´æ´æ´¢ÔÚÄÚ´æÖУ¬Òò´ËÖØÐÂÆô¶¯Ð§ÀÍ»áɾ³ýËùÓд洢µÄÌõÄ¿¡£

ÒªÖØÐÂÆô¶¯ dnsmasq£¬ÇëÔËÐÐÒÔÏ systemctl ÏÂÁ

sudo systemctl restart dnsmasq

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»òÕߣ¬·¢³öÒÔÏÂÏÂÁ

service dnsmasq restart

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½¨ÒéˢРDNS »º´æºó£¬¼ì²éÍâµØ»º´æÌõÄ¿ÒÔÈ·ÈÏÊý¾ÝÒѾ­ÀÖ³Éɾ³ý¡£Äú¿ÉÒÔʹÓà Linux ÏÂÁîÖ®Ò»µÄ dig À´¾ÙÐÐÍøÂç¹ÊÕÏɨ³ý£¬²¢Éó²éÊä³öÖеġ°ÅÌÎÊʱ¼ä¡±Öµ¡£ÈôÊÇÁè¼Ý 0 ºÁÃ룬Ôò˵Ã÷»º´æÒѾ­ÀÖ³Éɨ³ý£¨ÈôΪ 0 ºÁÃ룬ÔòÌåÏÖÓò¼Í¼ÈÔ±£´æÓÚ»º´æÖУ©¡£

dig google.com

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